Benjamin Franklin Moral Algebra

Practice Benjamin Franklin moral algebra to conduct a systematic trade-off analysis by weighing and cancelling opposing motives.

5 time blocks, 25 minutes in total.

Time blocks

Divide Page into Pro and Con Ledger: 3 min
Draw a line down the middle of a paper to form two equal columns
List Motives and Arguments: 10 min
Write brief notes for every reason for and against the choice
Weigh Relative Importance: 5 min
Compare factors across columns to gauge their relative weight
Strike Out Balanced Motives: 5 min
Cross out equal pros and cons until only unmatched items remain
Determine the Final Balance: 2 min
Examine the remaining factors to see where the balance inclines

About this routine

In a 1772 letter to British scientist Joseph Priestley, Benjamin Franklin described his personal method for resolving complex dilemmas. When faced with a difficult choice where arguments on both sides seemed evenly matched, Franklin used a written technique he called prudential algebra.

The method extends far beyond a simple list of pros and cons. Franklin spent several days writing down brief notes under Pro and Con columns. He then compared items across columns to gauge their relative weight. If one reason for the decision carried as much weight as one reason against it, he struck out both. If one pro equalled two cons, he struck out all three. By continuing this cancellation process, Franklin reduced a crowded list to a few decisive factors.

This 25 minute structured framework translates Benjamin Franklin moral algebra into an actionable exercise. By forcing explicit comparison and striking out equal factors, you reduce emotional fog and reach a clear judgment.

Why this routine works

Eliminates decision paralysis by reducing complex choices to visual balances
Prevents minor points from overwhelming major motives during analysis
Provides a repeatable framework for personal and strategic decisions

FAQ

What is Benjamin Franklin's moral algebra?

Moral algebra, also known as prudential algebra, is a decision-making method described by Benjamin Franklin in 1772. It involves listing pros and cons, assigning relative weights, and striking out equal factors until the clearer choice remains.

How long does a moral algebra decision session take?

While Franklin allowed several days to gather every motive, a focused setup and initial trade-off analysis session takes about 25 minutes.

How do you strike out pros and cons in Franklin's method?

You compare items across columns. If one pro carries equal weight to one con, cross out both. If one pro balances two cons, cross out all three.

Sources

Letter to Joseph Priestley (19 September 1772), Benjamin Franklin, Founders Online